78 Chapter 3 more as if they were really performing the surgical step compared to the non-intervention group. The proctor guided group found the training more appropriate for the current learning goals and felt more that there were enough trainers for the training compared to the non-intervention group. The overall scores and participant satisfaction were significantly higher in the proctor guided group compared to the simulator trained group. The results show there is a statistically significant difference in the responses of the participants to the question: ‘The trainers had enough experience in medical aspects’ but when comparing the groups separately no significant differences were found. Table 4 Post-intervention threshold scores achievement during vesico-urethral anastomosis simulation exercise among the groups19 Variable Criteria No guidance group Passed criteria, n (%) Proctor guided group Passed criteria, n (%) Simulator generated guidance group Passed criteria, n (%) p-value Number of unnecessary needle piercing points <=74 18 (78.3) 19 (86.4) 19 (79.2) 0.749# Total time <= 1158 [sec] 0 0 0 n.a. Instrument collision <= 30 3 (13.0) 3 (13.6) 1 (4.2) 0.485# Total time instruments are out of view <= 120 [sec] 10 (43.5) 8 (36.4) 9 (37.5) 0.869# Number of movements right instrument <= 1321 movements 18 (78.3) 18 (81.8) 15 (62.5) 0.278# Path length right instrument <= 11428 [mm] 17 (73.9) 12 (54.5) 12 (50.0) 0.212# Wound separation <= 1 [mm] 1 (4.3) 2 (9.1) 4 (16.7) 0.369# Passed all criteria* 0 0 0 n.a. # Pearson Chi-square* excluding total time since all participants were required to practice a total time of 30 minutes at the console
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