79 Training novice robot surgeons: Proctoring provides same results as simulator-generated guidance Variable Age of the participant Laparoscopic Experience (Yes) OR 95% C.I. for OR P-value OR 95% C.I. for OR P-value Total time (seconds) -.143 -134.900 – 37.179 .261 .122 -33.034 – 813.114 .378 Number of movements - right instrument (n) -.145 -86.558 – 23.235 .253 .067 -265.289 – 456.390 .598 Path length - right instrument (mm) -.147 -902.242 – 234.564 .245 .037 -3203.634 – 4283.458 .774 Instrument collisions (n) -.104 -6.686 – 2.789 .414 .079 -21.336 – 40.571 0.537 Total time instruments are out of view (seconds) -.063 -21.987 – 13.257 .622 .054 -90.596 – 139.264 .674 Wound separation (mm) -.016 -.402 - .354 .900 .286 .418 – 5.138 .022 Number of unnecessary needle piercing points (n) -.034 -4.161 - 3.190 .793 .025 -21.606 – 26.323 .845 Variable Gender (Female) Completed surgical internship (Yes) OR 95% C.I. for OR P-value OR 95% C.I. for OR P-value Total time (seconds) .071 -437.786 – 777.4017 .578 -.278 -917.267 – 16.438 .058 Number of movements - right instrument (n) .091 -247.543 – 526.752 .474 -.240 -599.745 – 58.738 .105 Path length - right instrument (mm) .101 -2403.694 – 5608.870 .427 -.280 -7323.033 – 102.255 .056 Instrument collisions (n) .009 -32.198 – 34.553 .944 -.011 -35.733 – 33.202 .941 Total time instruments are out of view (seconds) .098 -75.229 – 171.021 .440 -.217 -217.911 – 32.523 .143 Wound separation (mm) -.181 -4.487 - .721 .153 .048 -2.376 – 3.283 .749 Number of unnecessary needle piercing points (n) .043 -21.389 – 30.102 .736 -.053 -28.325 – 19.831 .724 Table 5. Factors predicting the achievement of the threshold scores during the vesicourethral anastomosis simulation exercise.19 Table 5. continued
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