85 Training novice robot surgeons: Proctoring provides same results as simulator-generated guidance The trainers created a safe learning environment 5 (1) 5 (1) 5 (1) 1.876@ 2@ 57@ .163@ .166^ .814^ .345^ The trainers had enough experience in medical aspects 4 (1) 5 (1) 4 (1) 3.248@ 2@ 57@ .046@ .108^ 1.00^ .064^ Effects of the training The future trainings will contribute to reducing the learning curve for RARPs 4 (2) 5 (1) 4 (1) .470@ 2@ 57@ .628@ .602^ .868^ .856^ I would like to do simulation-based training in the future 5 (1) 5 (1) 4 (1) 1.201@ 2@ 57@ .308@ .594^ .925^ .289^ I would recommend the course to other colleagues 4 (1) 5 (1) 4.5 (1) 1.158@ 2@ 57@ .321@ .447^ 1.00^ .359^ Overall satisfaction on the different aspects of the course Table 6. continued Variable No guidance group (n=23) Proctor guided group (n=23) Simulator generated guidance group F-value DF 1 DF 2 p-value overall P-value Non-No guidance group vs... Proctor guided group P-value Non-No guidance group vs... Simulator generated guidance group P-value Proctor guided group vs... Simulator generated guidance group
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