144 Chapter 7 Author, year, country Predictor for body composition Reference method Study setting Subjects N° preterms Time of assessment Villar, 2017, United Kingdom Weight-for-length BMI Ponderal index ADP 1019 preterm and term infants 91 (GA 36.0 + 0.7 weeks) ADP within 96h of birth, anthropometry within 12h of birth ADP: air displacement plethysmography; AGA: appropriate for gestational age; BMI: body mass index; DXA: dual energy x-ray absorptiometry; GA: gestational age; LGA: large for gestational age; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; PMA: postmenstrual age; SFT: skinfold thickness; SGA: small for gestational age Large study population > 100 participants Levels of evidence based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine’s Levels of Evidence (15) Level 1: Validating cohort study with good reference standards*; or clinical decision rule tested within one clinical center. Level 2: Exploratory cohort study with good reference standards; clinical decision rule after derivation, or validated only on split-sample or databases Level 3: Non-consecutive study; or without consistently applied reference standards Level 4: Case-control study, poor or non-independent reference standard Level 5: Expert opinion without explicit critical appraisal, or based on physiology, bench research or “first principles”
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