150 Chapter 7 Author, year, country Predictor for body composition Reference method Study setting Subjects N° preterms Time of assessment Collins, 2013, Australia Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy Isotope dilution 99 preterm infants 99 (GA 33 + 2 weeks) Mean PMA 35 weeks BIA: bioelectrical impedance; CI: confidence interval; DXA: dual energy x-ray absorptiometry; GA: gestational age; PMA: postmenstrual age; SFT: skinfold thickness; TBW: total body water Large study population > 100 participants Levels of evidence based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine’s Levels of Evidence (15) Level 1: Validating cohort study with good reference standards*; or clinical decision rule tested within one clinical center. Level 2: Exploratory cohort study with good reference standards; clinical decision rule after derivation, or validated only on split-sample or databases Level 3: Non-consecutive study; or without consistently applied reference standards Level 4: Case-control study, poor or non-independent reference standard Level 5: Expert opinion without explicit critical appraisal, or based on physiology, bench research or “first principles”
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