154 Chapter 7 Table 8. Air displacement plethysmography to estimate body composition in preterm infants Author, year, country Measurement method Reference method Study setting Subjects N° preterms Time of assessment Forsum, 2016, Sweden ADP Isotope dilution 14 preterm infants 14 (GA 34.1 + 1.3 weeks) 3 – 7 days postnatal age Roggero, 2012, Italy ADP Isotope dilution 79 preterm and term infants 70 (GA 24-36 weeks) Mean age 6 – 32 days postnatal age ADP: air displacement plethysmography; GA: gestational age Large study population > 100 participants Levels of evidence based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine’s Levels of Evidence (15) Level 1: Validating cohort study with good reference standards*; or clinical decision rule tested within one clinical center. Level 2: Exploratory cohort study with good reference standards; clinical decision rule after derivation, or validated only on split-sample or databases Level 3: Non-consecutive study; or without consistently applied reference standards Level 4: Case-control study, poor or non-independent reference standard Level 5: Expert opinion without explicit critical appraisal, or based on physiology, bench research or “first principles”
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