Chapter 5 – Experimental fear 163 Figure 1. Illustration of the experimental design. Participants were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 groups: Control-nocebo, High-pain, High-threat. Participants in the Control group received lower pain levels during control and nocebo trials and no threat induction. Participants in the High-pain group received higher pain levels during control and nocebo trials and no threat induction. Participants in the High-threat group received lower pain levels during control and nocebo trials and a threat induction. All participants were told that (sham) electrical pulses would increase their pain sensitivity. During nocebo acquisition, higher pain stimulations were delivered during nocebo trials (electrical pulses “on”) relative to control trials (electrical pulses “off”). In the extinction phase, all pain stimuli were administered at the same intensity for each participant, in order to test the acquisition and extinction of nocebo hyperalgesic responses. %QPVTQN *KIJ 2CKP *KIJ 6JTGCV /QFGTCVG 2CKP 0QEGDQ 5WIIGUVKQP 5MKP VGUV 5CHGV[ *KIJ 2CKP 0QEGDQ 5WIIGUVKQP 5MKP VGUV 5CHGV[ /QFGTCVG 2CKP 0QEGDQ 5WIIGUVKQP 5MKP VGUV 6JTGCV )TQWR 2CKP %CNKDTCVKQPU #ESWKUKVKQP VTKCNU 'ZVKPEVKQP VTKCNU 0QEGDQ 6JTGCV 5CHG 5WIIGUVKQPU .QY 2CKP .QY 2CKP .QY 2CKP 'NGEVTQFGU QHH 2CKP 'NGEVTQFGU QP 2CKP 'NGEVTQFGU QHH 2CKP 'NGEVTQFGU QHH 2CKP 'NGEVTQFGU QHH 2CKP 'NGEVTQFGU QHH 2CKP 'NGEVTQFGU QHH 2CKP 'NGEVTQFGU QP 2CKP 'NGEVTQFGU QHH 2CKP 'NGEVTQFGU QP 2CKP 'NGEVTQFGU QHH 2CKP 'NGEVTQFGU QHH 2CKP
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