Mia Thomaidou

Chapter 5 – Experimental fear 165 so that each group contained 6 male participants. Randomization resulted in a total of 24 participants in each of the three groups. Calibrated temperature levels and pain ratings during the experiment are reported in Table 1. One-way ANOVAs indicated that there were no significant between-groups differences in the mean warmth and heat pain threshold levels (Table 1). As expected, one-way ANOVAs confirm that there were significant differences in calibrated temperatures and pain ratings during the experiment, between the Highpain group and the other two groups (Table 1). The EMG86 recordings of 6 participants were faulty (either the recording was not started due to an error or the sound probe markers were not recorded due to technical difficulties) and were excluded from the analyses. Approximately 20% of trials were marked as non-response or reject trials. While average startle responses range between 100 and 300 microvolts 45,46, in this study startle responses overall were smaller than expected across all groups and trials (Figure 3).

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