79 Approaches to anticipatory governance in West Africa 3 climate scientists presented key (global) portals that give access to climate projections, after which participants self-reviewed and peer-reviewed key departmental policies on the quality of and gaps in climate information. The second process is the Future Scenarios Project of the CGIAR research program on Food Security, Agriculture and Climate Change (CCAFS). In this process, socioeconomic and climate scenarios are developed to guide policy formulation. The process was initiated by CS-CSPA, the Ministry responsible for the PNSRII. In 2016, the government of Burkina Faso invited CCAFS to run a participatory scenario process to guide the reformulation of Burkina Faso’s second National Plan for the Rural Sector (PNSRII, 2016-2020) after its precursor had come to the end of its term. CGIAR funded the process. Diverse stakeholders were included: research institutes, governmental bodies, civil society and private sector. Stakeholders explored a wide range of possible environmental, future economic, political, geopolitical, social and cultural changes up to 2050 and discussed their dynamics. The two most salient drivers were then mapped onto two axes that formed the basis for four diverse scenarios. The third is the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA-2050) program that has supported national climate adaptation planning in West Africa with climate scenarios and policy workshops. The process was initiated and designed by the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA-2050) and funded by DIFD (Future Climate for Africa). The AMMA-2050 program developed multiple quantitative scenarios of diverse future trends, based on crop and convection permitting modelling. These were discussed in policy workshops, amongst others with the West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (WASCAL & AMMA-2050, 2018), as well as through a collaboration with research organization Climate Analytics (funded by the German Ministry of Environment and GIZ) who organized several workshops at national and district levels, including a participatory scenarios workshop. Participants to these workshops were researchers and local and national policymakers. 3.4.2.1. WABiCC climate information workshops Conception of the future: WABiCC focused on understanding scientific uncertainty inherent to climate modelling over longer time horizons as well as the disagreement between prominent climate models on the direction of climate change (Interview, 19 March 2019). This is needed as the West African Sahel zone is marked by trends of both dryer and wetter climate, and the natural variability makes it harder to detect climate change. Moreover, detecting local temperature changes is much more difficult than
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