41 Impact of semantics on word decoding 2 Table 2.1 Descriptive Statistics for all Participants (n = 55) includingRawScores andAage-based Scaled Scores. M SD Min Max Phonological awareness Spoonerism Raw scores 2.93 3.29 0 11 Scaled scores 7.75 2.21 4 13 Phoneme deletion Raw scores 8.07 2.40 2 12 Scaled scores 7.95 2.39 4 15 Rapid automatized naming Letter naming Raw scores 40.58 10.84 24 75 Scaled scores 5.53 2.58 1 13 Digit naming Raw scores 36.64 11.07 22 86 Scaled scores 6.45 2.98 1 12 Working memory Raw scores 4.04 1.36 2 8 Semantic abilities Information Raw scores 13.00 3.66 7 23 Scaled scores 10.67 2.38 6 17 Similarities Raw scores 14.60 4.88 5 27 Scaled scores 12.36 2.90 6 19 Vocabulary Raw scores 31.05 6.72 19 52 Scaled scores 11.55 2.42 8 19 Comprehension Raw scores 20.96 5.69 5 38 Scaled scores 11.67 2.47 4 19 Pseudoword decoding Raw scores 19.89 9.91 6 50 Scaled scores 5.22 1.86 1 8 Word decoding Raw scores 30.29 13.02 7 62 Scaled scores 4.51 1.80 1 8 Note. All scaled score population means are 10 and standard deviations are 3. Working memory is only described in terms of means.
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