244 CHAPTER 3.2 Declarations Authors’ contributions MR and ST had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. NR, ST, DOM, AS, WK, and MS conceived and designed the study. All authors contributed to data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation. MR and ST performed the statistical analyses. MRB and NR drafted the manuscript. All authors revised the manuscript for important intellectual content. NR, DOM, AS, WK, MS, and MS obtained funding. NR, DOM, AS, WK, NS, and MS were responsible for administrative, technical, and material support. NR, ST, DOM, AS, and WK supervised the study. NR is the guarantor. The corresponding author attests that all listed authors meet authorship criteria and that no others meeting the criteria have been omitted. Acknowledgements We thank the participants in the study, clinical and research staff at the trial sites, members of the adjudication committees, and members of the advisory board. Stefanie Hossmann (CTU Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland) was clinical study manager of the Optimizing Therapy to Prevent Avoidable Hospital Admissions in Multimorbid Older Patients trial. Use of Morisky medication adherence measure questionnaire is protected by US copyright laws. Permission for use is required. A license agreement is available from Donald E Morisky, ScD, ScM, MSPH, Professor, Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, 650 Charles E Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA (ude.alcu@yksiromd). The questionnaire was applied 4805 times (1913 at baseline, 1519 at 2 months, 1373 at 12 months). The European quality of life-5 dimensions instrument is used by permission of the EuroQol Group. Competing interests All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at www.icmje.org/ coi_disclosure.pdf and declare: Financial support from grants from Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research, and Innovation (NR, MSch), EU Horizon 2020 (LG), Gottfried and Julia Bangerter Rhyner Stiftung (LA), European Commission (ST, MR), during the conduct of the study. ST and MR are affiliated with CTU Bern, University of Bern, which has a staff policy of not accepting honorariums or consultancy fees. However, CTU Bern is involved in design, conduct, or analysis of clinical studies funded by not-for-profit and for profit organisations. In particular,
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