Effects of magnesium citrate, magnesium oxide and magnesium sulfate on arterial stiffness 125 6 oxide group compared with the magnesium citrate group (Table 7). Plasma albumin was significantly higher in the magnesium oxide group at 2-wk and 24-wk (Supplemental Table 6). No differences were observed between magnesium oxide and magnesium citrate in terms of 24-urinary excretions of calcium, potassium, sodium and creatinine during the treatment period (Supplemental Table 7). Participants in the magnesium oxide group had a lower waist circumference after 24-wks (-2.0 cm; 90% CI: -3.2 -0.7 cm) compared with participants in the magnesium citrate group (Supplemental Table 8). Dietary and alcohol intake according to the food diaries did not change during the study period (Supplemental Table 9). Excluding non-compliant subjects as well as subjects on antihypertensive and/or lipid-lowering drugs did not materially change the results (data not shown). Table 4. Effects of magnesium citrate, magnesium oxide and magnesium sulfate (vs placebo) on magnesium parameters. Magnesium citrate (n =46) Magnesium oxide (n =46) Magnesium sulfate (n =46) Placebo (n =26) Plasma magnesium 2-wk Mean, mmol/L 0.88 ± 0.06 0.86 ± 0.05 0.86 ± 0.08 0.85 ± 0.07 Difference vs placebo 0.03 (0.01; 0.05)** 0.03 (0.01; 0.05)* 0.02 (0.00; 0.04) .. 12-wk Mean, mmol/L 0.87 ± 0.05 0.86 ± 0.04 0.86 ± 0.10 0.85 ± 0.06 Difference vs placebo 0.03 (0.01; 0.05)* 0.04 (0.02; 0.06)** 0.03 (0.01; 0.05)* .. 24-wk Mean, mmol/L 0.88 ± 0.06 0.86 ± 0.05 0.85 ± 0.08 0.85 ± 0.06 Difference vs placebo 0.04 (0.02; 0.06)** 0.03 (0.01; 0.05)** 0.02 (0.00; 0.04) .. Urinary magnesium 2-wk Mean, mmol/24-h 7.24 ± 2.11 7.06 ± 1.86 6.80 ± 2.12 5.41 ± 1.97 Difference vs placebo 2.29 (1.41; 3.17)*** 1.93 (1.05; 2.80)*** 1.82 (0.95; 2.70)*** .. 12-wk Mean, mmol/24-h 7.60 ± 1.91 7.03 ± 2.01 6.61 ± 2.35 5.32 ± 2.11 Difference vs placebo 2.71 (1.83; 3.59)*** 2.14 (1.26; 3.02)*** 1.75 (0.87; 2.63)*** .. 24-wk Mean, mmol/24-h 7.79 ± 1.92 7.07 ± 1.88 6.62 ± 2.23 5.11 ± 1.83 Difference vs placebo 3.12 (2.23; 4.01)*** 2.38 (1.50; 3.26)*** 2.07 (1.19; 2.96)*** .. Values are mean ± SD. Adjusted mean differences (95% CIs) were obtained from linear mixedeffect models with age, sex, baseline value of the outcome of interest, time, intervention, and the interaction time × intervention as fixed effects. * P < 0.05, ** P<0.01, *** P< 0.001 (two-sided P values).
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