39 Regional differences in perceived oral dryness Table 4 The scores of the 11 Xerostomia Inventory items (XI), presented as median with the corresponding interquartile range (IQR), and the mean with standard deviation (SD). N is the total numbers of participants. Median IQR Mean SD N XI 1 (sip liquids to swallow food) 2.0 1.0–4.0 2.61 1.59 336 XI 2 (mouth dry when eating a meal) a 3.0 1.0–4.0 2.93 1.46 329 XI 3 (get up night to drink) a,b 3.0 2.0–5.0 3.19 1.49 336 XI 4 (my mouth feels dry) a,b,c 4.0 3.0–5.0 3.84 1.30 334 XI 5 (difficulty eating dry foods) a,d 3.0 1.0–5.0 3.03 1.59 336 XI 6 (suck sweets to relieve dry mouth) b,c,d,e 2.0 1.0–4.0 2.69 1.64 336 XI 7 (difficulty swallowing certain foods) b,c,d,e 2.0 1.0–4.0 2.55 1.52 337 XI 8 (the skin of my face feels dry) a,c,d,e,g 3.0 1.0–4.0 2.80 1.47 334 XI 9 (my eyes feel dry) a,d,f,g,h 3.0 1.0–5.0 3.05 1.58 337 XI 10 (my lips feel dry) a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i 4.0 3.0–5.0 3.63 1.34 337 XI 11 (the inside of my nose feels dry) a,c,d,f,g,j 3.0 1.0–4.0 2.91 1.54 335 XI total 33.0 22.5–43.0 32.94 11.88 337 Wilcoxon signed-rank tests: a p < 0.05 vs XI 1, b p < 0.05 vs XI 2, c p < 0.05 vs XI 3, d p < 0.05 vs XI 4, e p < 0.05 vs XI 5, f p < 0.05 vs XI 6, g p < 0.05 vs XI 7, h p < 0.05 vs XI 8, i p < 0.05 vs XI 9, j p < 0.05 vs XI 10 Table 5 Percentage of how frequently each item of the Clinical Oral Dryness Score (CODS) was identified (N = 319). CODS % yes CODS 1 (mirror sticks to buccal mucosa) 78.9% CODS 2 (mirror sticks to tongue) 48.7% CODS 3 (tongue lobulated/fissured) 19.2% CODS 4 (tongue shows loss of papillae) 24.8% CODS 5 (frothy saliva) 61.8% CODS 6 (no saliva pooling in floor of mouth) 19.2% CODS 7 (glassy appearance of other oral mucosa especially palate) 47.4% CODS 8 (debris on palate) 2.5% CODS 9 (altered/smooth gingival architecture) 21.6% CODS 10 (active or recently restored cervical caries) 36.4% 2
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