98 CHAPTER 6 Fixed Phrases SB DUB Cohen’s d Mean 4.29*** 7.75*** 0.95 SD 3.35 3.89 Min 0 2.75 Max 12.5 19.5 Discourse SB DUB Cohen’s d Mean 6.63 7.13 0.21 SD 2.54 2.12 Min 2.86 3.5 Max 12.62 12.89 ***) significant at p<0.001 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHUNKS AND CAF MEASURES (RQ2) Table 16 shows the CAF measures that were previously used and reported in the previous chapter. e main di erences between the groups were found in lexical diversity and average sentence length, taken as signs of syntactic complexity, and text length, considered an indication of uency, TABLE 16. CAF measures SB N=241 DUB N=321 Cohen’s d Significance (2-tailed) Mean (SD) Mean (SD) Complexity Guiraud Index Tense Use Ratio Average Sentence Length 7.90 (0.62) 2.12 (1.42) 13.48 (3.22) 8.35 (0.86) 2.82 (1.44) 16.43 (3.59) 0.60 0.49 0.87 p=.019* p=.065 p=.002** Accuracy Subject-Verb Agreement Determiner-Noun Agreement 7.37 (1.49) 8.66 (0.93) 7.57 (1.75) 8.69 (0.91) 0.12 0.03 p=.841 p=.865 Fluency Text Length 212 (30) 268 (92) 0.82 p=.003** 1 N represents the number of students who completed both tests * significant at p<.05 ** significant at p<.01
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