Chapter 5 114 Abstract Locomotive engineers need to detect auditory warning signals for safe and effective job performance. We measured the levels and spectra of the warning signals and noises present in Dutch train cabins to evaluate the effectiveness of these signals. Audio-recordings were made in six train types during normal operation. Signal detectability was estimated using the Detectsound software and compared against ISO7731. Signal detectability was alsomeasured in six normally-hearing individuals in a laboratory setting. Signal levels ranged between 68 and 84 dBA. Noise levels ranged between 53 and 77 dBA. The acoustical requirements for signal detectability were not met in multiple driving conditions, especially at higher speed. Sufficient signal-to-noise ratios were achieved in the laboratory measurements, but difficulties can be expected in unfavourable driving situations or when the engineer suffers from hearing loss. Acoustical, environmental, or work modifications might be required to prevent situations with insufficient audibility in hearing-impaired engineers.
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