4 Comparing anorectal function tests 105 Table 6. Surface electromyography (s-EMG) versus balloon expulsion test (BET) BET < 1 minute > 1 minute Total s-EMG Relaxation 7 3 10 Indifferent 5 9 14 Paradoxical 6 7 13 Total 18 19 37 3D-HRAM with BET (n=37) Four out of 10 patients (40%) who showed paradoxical straining on the 3D-HRAM were able to expel the balloon within one minute while five out of the 16 patients (31%) who showed normal relaxation could not expel the balloon within one minute (Table 7). Table 7. 3D high resolution anorectal manometry (3D-HRAM) versus balloon expulsion test (BET) BET < 1 minute > 1 minute Total 3D-HRAM Relaxation 11 5 16 Indifferent 3 8 11 Paradoxical 4 6 10 Total 18 19 37 DRE by the surgeon versus BET (n=37) Half of the 10 patients who were classified as ‘indifferent’ were able to expel the balloon within one minute (Table 8). Of the patients who were assessed as normal ‘relaxation’ or ‘paradoxical’ respectively 9 of 15 (67%) and 4 of 12 (33%) were able to expel the balloon within one minute. Table 8. Digital rectal examination (DRE) of the surgeon versus balloon expulsion test (BET) BET < 1 minute > 1 minute Total DRE surgeon Relaxation 9 6 15 Indifferent 5 5 10 Paradoxical 4 8 12 Total 18 19 37
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