Acknowledgements We are grateful to all those who completed the survey, those that assisted in the pilot survey and colleagues for helpful suggestions and opinions. Author contributions AS, MB, AV, MC and HH developed the survey. AS and MB collected and analyzed the data, and drafted the manuscript. All authors have approved the final version of the manuscript. Conflict of interest statement In recent years, HH has received research grants from Pfizer and Astellas and has been a recipient of a consultancy fee from Pfizer. MV has received unrestricted research grants or support of Olympus, Pentax and 3M for studying endoscope contaminations. All other authors have no conflicts to declare. Funding sources The preparation of the survey, piloting it, conducting it analyzing the data, and drafting the manuscript were not the subject of any funding. 136 Chapter 3.1
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