Of the included patients, 141 were male (57.1%), and the median age of all included patients was 64 years (Table 1). One hundred twenty-two patients (52.6%) used antibiotics in the last year, and 106 patients (44.2%) used antacids in the last year (Table 1). Overall, fifteen out of 247 (6.1%) patients were HRMO carrier at admission; n=12 (80%) carried ESBLproducing E. coli, n=2 (13.3%) carried ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, and n=1 carried ESBLproducing Proteus vulgaris (6.7%). No other HRMO were detected. No significant differences were identified between characteristics of HRMO and non-HRMO carriers, including travelling abroad <1 year before admission (p-value 0.995) (Table 1). Fig. 1 Flow diagram of patient inclusion Non-traveling patients Hundred-and-thirty (52.6%) patients did not travel in the year before admission. Eight (6.2%) of these patients were HRMO carrier at admission; n=5 carried an ESBL-producing E. coli, n=2 carried an ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, and n=1 carried an ESBL-producing P. vulgaris. Non-traveling patients had significantly fewer household members that also travelled compared to patients that did travel (p-value 0.005, Table 2). Furthermore, nontraveling patients were significantly older compared to traveling patients (Table 2, Additional file 2). 56 Chapter 2.2
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