10 Chapter 1 Figure 1. Immune cells involved in wound healing. Next to the immune cells, there are platelets which are fragments of megakaryocytes that start coagulation to stop the bleeding and produce factors that initiate the inflammatory response [30]. Neutrophils have a short life-span and are primarily needed to phagocytose and destroy cell remnants and invading bacteria [31]. Neutrophils are released from the bone marrow into the blood and undergo different stages of maturity [32]. Neutrophils will accumulate in large numbers at the site of tissue injury and will eventually die via apoptosis [33]. Eosinophils are suggested to play roles during wound healing and might be involved in coagulation, vascular repair and inflammation, however, the exact mechanisms are yet to be discovered [34]. Mast cells proposedly enhance inflammation and vascular permeability through the secretion of histamines early after injury and can stimulate re-epithelization and angiogenesis later on by the release of
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