29 individual transilience in the face of climate change Climate Change Risk Perception. Participants indicated the extent to which they perceive climate change poses risks to various relevant entities (four items, e.g., themselves and their family). Self-efficacy to Engage in Adaptation Actions. Participants indicated their perceived ability to engage in actions aimed to protect themselves from climate-change risks (two items, e.g., ‘I feel capable of taking actions aimed to protect myself and close others against the negative impacts of climate change’). Outcome Efficacy of Adaptation Actions. Participants indicated to what extent they think their actions can be effective in protecting themselves from climate change risks (two items, e.g., ‘My personal actions can be effective in protecting myself and close others from the negative impacts of climate change’). Climate Change Adaptation Intentions and Behaviours. Participants were asked whether they have engaged or intend to engage in nine adaptive behaviours that can help to protect them from climate-related risks (e.g., ‘Looking up information about whether my house is at risk of natural hazards’), on a 3-point ordinal scale (0 = No, 1 = No, but I am planning to do this and 2 = Yes). We calculated scores on adaptation behaviour by counting, for each participant, the number of behaviours for which ‘2’ was selected. Next, we calculated a score on intention (to engage in those behaviours that were not implemented already) by averaging the 9 items into one scale, after converting the value ‘2’ to missing. Support for Climate Change Adaptation Policies. Participants indicated to what extent they support five adaptation policies, e.g., ‘Investing public money to make vital infrastructure (for example, energy utilities, power lines, cell towers) more resistant to climate change risks’. Items were rated on a scale from 1 = strongly oppose to 7 = strongly support. Results Content Validity We ran the same analyses in all the studies reported in this paper. First, we tested content validity by verifying that the items developed for the transilience scale adequately capture the three components of transilience via the oblique multiple group method (MGM, performed with a designated macro for SPSS - version 25; Stuive et al., 2008). The MGM is an established type of confirmatory factor analysis that investigates whether items correlate highest with their expected component (controlling for selfcorrelation). Most items correlated more strongly and positively with their expected component (see Table 2.2), indicating that the transilience scale captured the three 2
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