86 chapter 3 with the A-B-C model (Guagnano et al., 1995; Stern, 2000), which suggests that the relationship between psychological factors and behaviour depends on the level of contextual constraints, with psychological factors being less predictive of behaviour when contextual constraints are high (in which case people cannot act in line with their motivations and beliefs) or when contextual constraints are very low (in which case everyone would engage in the behaviour anyway). Further research is needed to investigate how contextual factors moderate the relationship between perceived transilience and adaptive responses and well-being, respectively. This could shed light on the conditions under which transilience is particularly likely to predict adaptive actions and mental health and provide a more nuanced understanding of its relevance for human adaptation in the face of different adversities. Transilience may play a Causal Role in Predicting Behaviours and Well-being Third, we found preliminary support for Hypothesis 3. In our longitudinal study in the Netherlands, we found that transilience at T1 significantly predicted individual and collective adaptation behaviours and well-being also at T2, suggesting that transilience can potentially cause adaptation behaviours and well-being. These results suggest that the extent to which people perceive transilience at a given time may influence the likelihood that they engage in adaptation behaviours and affect their well-being at a later stage, provided that the context is not too restrictive. However, more research is needed to corroborate this claim. Specifically, longitudinal studies spanning across at least three waves allow for more robust conclusions on the causal relationships over time. Next, experimental studies can also be conducted to establish whether transilience causes adaptive responses and well-being. Transilience in the Face of COVID-19 may also Enhance Adaptive Capacity in The Face of Climate Change Our exploratory findings suggest that higher transilience in the face of COVID-19 was associated with higher perceived resilience in the face of climate change (Study 1; Study 2, T2) and with higher intention to adapt to the consequences of climate change (Study2; T2) due to the confrontation with the COVID-19 pandemic.24 These results indicate that the more strongly people perceive transilience in the face of COVID-19, the more likely it is that dealing with COVID-19 enhances their perceived adaptive capacity (i.e., resilience) and their intention to adapt to the negative consequences of climate change. These findings suggest that because of being confronted with a certain adversity (e.g., COVID), people may perceive higher transilience in general, which, in turn, may influence their perceived adaptive capacity and adaptation intentions across other adversities. Importantly, this proposal needs to be thoroughly tested in future 24 Notably, all findings remained consistent across both studies when using a shorter, six-item version of the transilience scale (see details in Appendix A and Supplementary Materials).
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