257 A knowledge creation study 8 key messages) in such a way that it fits the needs and demands of decision-makers. In the following section, using a case study we provide an approach on how core components of knowledge creation can be integrated in an easy-to-implement tool. Method A case study The knowledge gap is apparent in all areas of public health. However, it may be even more evident in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) (35-37). LMICs are generally characterized by suboptimal primary care standards, general poor health and significant challenges in implementing clinically and cost-effective interventions (35, 36, 38, 39). There is a growing recognition of the need to improve the translation of evidence into practice in these LMICs and to adapt evidence-based interventions proven to be effective in developed settings to the local context (35, 40, 41). The FRESH AIR study, aimed at addressing the need to prevent, diagnose and treat non-communicable lung diseases (NCLDs) in LMICs is considered an ideal case study. Exploring barriers and facilitators to the implementation of evidence-based interventions in low-resources settings and tailoring them to the context are key elements to reach the FRESH AIR aim. Due to this implementation design, KT and creation were included as an integral part of the FRESH AIR study. The protocol has been published elsewhere (42). This case study elucidates one of the methods FRESH AIR is using to create knowledge tailored to decision-makers. A systematic approach to knowledge creation The approach to knowledge creation was guided by Lasswell’s adapted communication model and consisted of two phases: a preparation and a developmental phase. Both are schematically depicted in Figure 2. Creating a knowledge platform requires the developer to think and approach the subject matter from multiple angles, making use of scientific and analytical knowledge as well as editorial reasoning. Due to the complexity of this iterative process, one should therefore keep in mind that Figure 2 is a simplification of the developmental process. Preparation and developmental phase During the preparation phase the purpose of the knowledge platform was defined through the formulation of the main objectives. A main audience was defined to specify the ‘to whom’ aspect. Both the objective and the audience were decisive in ‘what’ was to be communicated. Subsequently, the ‘what’ led to the development of a framework of the knowledge platform, comprising all topics the knowledge platform should address. The second phase, the developmental phase, provides an approach towards the “how” aspect of the communication model. The approach to “how it is said” and “how it is communicated” were guided by two separate pathways, respectively the translational cycle and the design cycle. The translational cycle involves the
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