Chapter 6 174 well-being has been found to vary substantially across families (e.g., Keijsers et al., 2016; Mastrotheodoros et al., 2022). For instance, some adolescents (more than others) show improved well-being when experiencing more parental warmth (Bülow, Neubauer, et al., 2022; Bülow, Van Roekel, et al., 2022), whereas others show worse well-being (Boele, Bülow, de Haan et al., 2023; Janssen et al., 2021). Thus, recent work has provided the first evidence that daily influences between parenting and adolescents’ well-being differ across families. The next step is to untangle how the effects of diverse parenting practices converge within a family and how families differ therein, and to what extent. Figure 1 Example of family-specific time series and corresponding temporal network model Correlated residuals Directed associations Same-day Next-day Positive effect Negative effect PA NA WA AS PC ST MO -.46 -.23 -.31 -.26 .46 .32 .29 .27 .32 Note. Network includes (clockwise direction): adolescent positive (PA) and negative affect (NA), and parental warmth (WA), autonomy support (AS), psychological control (PC), strictness (ST), and monitoring (MO). Line thickness reflects magnitude of the association. Beta’s displayed in the boxes. Hybrid-GIMME allowed to model undirected same-day associations (i.e., correlated residuals) and directed same- or next-day associations. Family-specific model fit: χ2(54) = 639.50, p = .167, RMSEA = .04, SRMR = .07, NNFI = .94, CFI = .97.
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