6 Like no other? 189 Sensitivity Analyses In the main findings, five family-specific networks showed temporal associations with low or high beta (< -1.0 or > 1.0) and high corresponding standard error (> 1.0). To assess the extent to which the data of these five families affected the main findings, S-GIMME was again performed while excluding these five families. Similar to the main findings, daily associations between parenting and adolescent affect were found only at the individual level (i.e., found in one or some families), and thus not at the group or subgroup level. The summary network plots of these sensitivity analyses can be found in the online Supplementary Information (see Figures S2-S4). Explaining Differences between Subgroups and Individual Families First, it was tested whether families of subgroups 1 and 2 differed from each other in the following pre-registered variables: mean levels of daily parenting and adolescent affect, adolescent psychological functioning (i.e., depressive and anxiety symptoms, and selfesteem), demographic characteristics (i.e., sex, age, and educational level), legitimacy beliefs, and personality traits (i.e., environmental sensitivity and neuroticism). However, no significant group differences were found (see Table S1 in the online Supplementary Information). Second, because parenting-affect associations were unique to families, it was also explored whether differences between individual families could be explained. However, the above-described variables were not significantly related to parenting-affect density (see Table S2 in the online Supplemental Information), which reflects the extent to which the temporal parenting-affect associations contributed to the overall family-specific network (excluding autoregressive effects). Hence, the means of the daily assessments and adolescent characteristics did not explain why some families demonstrated more daily associations between perceived parenting practices and adolescent affective wellbeing than other families. DISCUSSION There is a theoretical consensus among human development (e.g., Bronfenbrenner, 2005; Smith & Thelen, 2003) and parenting theories (e.g., Darling & Steinberg, 1993; Granic et al., 2008) that parents and adolescents influence each other heterogeneously across families. However, different ideas have been formulated regarding the expression of heterogeneity. On the one hand, scholars have assumed that some families are like
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