7 Summary and general discussion 207 studies in this dissertation (Chapter 3-6) included five different timescales (see Table 2). In two of the studies (Chapter 3 & 4), I introduced a novel intensive longitudinal design that applied a bi-weekly time interval. Figure 2 shows how my dissertation, and other work to which I contributed (Bülow, Neubauer, et al., 2022; Bülow, Van Roekel, et al., 2022; Kapetanovic et al., 2019; Visscher et al., 2023), expanded the worldwide body of empirical work on the within-family processes between parenting and adolescent functioning. Below I summarize per timescale (i.e., micro-, meso-, and macro-timescale) what empirical insights this dissertation has provided and how that builds upon previous work. 2.1 Micro-timescale processes In this dissertation, I studied how all four key parenting dimensions were related to adolescents’ affective functioning in everyday life (see Table 2). To study these daily dynamic parenting processes, I used novel data of 159 Dutch adolescents who completed daily diaries for at least 100 consecutive days (see also Bülow, Neubauer, et al., 2022; De Vries et al., 2023). The two parenting dimensions warmth (Chapters 3 & 5) and autonomy support (Chapter 5) were, on average, most strongly intertwined with adolescents’ everyday affective functioning, particularly with positive affect. Specifically, I found that when adolescents perceived more warmth or autonomy-supportive parenting than typical, they experienced on average better affective functioning the same day (i.e., less negative affect and more positive affect) and even the following day (i.e., more positive affect). Additionally, when adolescents were in a better mood than typical (i.e., more positive affect) they also perceived their parents to be warmer and more autonomy-supportive the next day. These findings are in line with several other recent daily diary studies examining similar within-family linkages in adolescence (e.g., Neubauer et al., 2021; Schacter & Margolin, 2019; Xu & Zheng, 2022). Therefore, the findings of this dissertation and others provide increasing evidence for the theorized importance of perceived parental warmth in relation to adolescents’ functioning, as proposed by the IPARTheory (Rohner, 2016) and self-determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000; Soenens et al., 2019). Though these theories are not explicit about the relevant timescales, empirical findings thus indicate that perceived parental warmth and autonomy support might already contribute to a better functioning in adolescents by brightening their everyday mood.
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