Chapter 2 54 academic functioning (Bai et al., 2017; Lehman & Repetti, 2007). Moreover, two studies considered physical functioning, finding that parental support was not related to physical functioning at the micro timescale (Lippold, McHale, et al., 2016), but increasing levels of parental support regarding physical activity were at the same time related to more physical activity at the macro timescale (Lau et al., 2016). Thus, the five remaining studies that assessed various adaptation measures suggested that associations might vary between timescales. Parental control Twenty-two studies examined the link between parental control and adolescent adaptation within families, of which 18 assessed externalizing behavior on a macro timescale. The results of several studies suggested that higher levels of parental control were simultaneously related to lower levels of externalizing behavior (Grundy et al., 2010; H. J. Janssen et al., 2014, 2016, 2018; Laird et al., 2003; Rekker et al., 2015; Svensson et al., 2017). However, studies have also found the opposite pattern. For example, parental control was higher in low-SES families (but not high-SES families) when adolescent delinquency was higher (Rekker et al., 2017). Additionally, an increase in adolescent risky sexual behavior predicted a subsequent increase in paternal knowledge (Coley et al., 2009). Moreover, a large number of studies reported nonsignificant concurrent and time-lagged associations of parental control with various externalizing behaviors, such as aggression and delinquency (Besemer et al., 2016; Brauer, 2009; Coley et al., 2008, 2009; Cox et al., 2018; Farrington et al., 2002; Han & Grogan-Kaylor, 2013; H. J. Janssen et al., 2014, 2016, 2017, 2018; Keijsers, 2016; Rekker et al., 2015, 2017; H. L. M. N. Reyes et al., 2015). Thus, although many included studies assessed within-family associations between parental control and adolescent externalizing behavior, the results showed mixed findings, even within the same studies and datasets. Five out of the 22 studies addressed the within-family association of parental control with several adaptation domains. No concurrent association was found between parental knowledge and internalizing behavior on a macro- longitudinal scale (Han & Grogan-Kaylor, 2013). Moreover, three studies assessed interpersonal functioning, with adolescent and/or secrecy in particular. Two of these studies applied a meso timescale (3 months) and reported that higher levels of maternal knowledge and solicitation, but not maternal control, were related to higher concurrent levels of adolescent disclosure (Keijsers et al., 2016), and higher levels of adolescent secrecy were followed by a lagged increase in parent’s privacy invasion but not vice versa (Dietvorst et al., 2018). A micro-
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTk4NDMw