3 Transactional processes between support and depressive symptoms 97 except for the daily data, and, therefore, H4 could not be tested in this dataset. No differences were found between boys and girls, as indicated by nonsignificant chi-square difference tests (see Table 4). Additionally, we explored sex differences for the reverse within-family lagged effect, but again, no differences were found between boys and girls in the lagged effect from adolescent depressive symptoms to perceived parental support at any timescale. An overview of all model fits can be viewed in Table B1 in Appendix B. Differences between Low- and High-Neuroticism Adolescents We expected that adolescents scoring higher on neuroticism would show a stronger negative within-family effect from perceived parental support to depressive symptoms than adolescents scoring lower on neuroticism (H5). However, we only found group differences in this within-family lagged effect with the annual dataset (see Table 4). Table 4 Results of Chi-Square Difference Tests on Within-Family Lagged Effects Within-family lagged effect PS → DS DS → PS Dataset Δχ2 (1) p-value Δχ2 (1) p-value Daily Sex a a a a Neuroticism -0.58 0.366b 0.53 .669c Bi-weekly Sex 1.34 .247 0.15 .695 Neuroticism 0.00 .975 0.06 .810 Three-monthly Sex 1.70 .192 3.68 .055 Neuroticism 0.98 .322 3.83 .050 Annual Sex 0.43 .511 2.64 .104 Neuroticism 4.80 .029 1.07 .301 Biennial Sex 1.50 .221 0.84 .360 Neuroticism 0.07 .796 2.63 .105 Note. PS → DS = lagged effect from parental support to adolescent depressive symptoms. DS ◊ PS = lagged effect from adolescent depressive symptoms to parental support. a Chi-square could not be computed due to low covariance coverage. b Santora-Bentler Chi-Square test with scaling factors of 1.14 (constrained model) and 1.13 (free model). c Santora-Bentler Chi-Square test with scaling factors of 1.13 (constrained model) and 1.13 (free model).
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