Chapter 4 148 4.4.2 Plant material and growth conditions In this study, we used Solanum lycopersicum cv Moneymaker obtained from Intratuin B.V. Growing conditions are identical to those listed in Chapter 2 of this thesis. 4.4.3 Phenotyping measurements On the seventh day of far-red or hormone treatments at 10:30, using a digital caliper, measurements were taken for the stem length, first internode length, hypocotyl length, first internode diameter, and hypocotyl diameter. Each experiment consisted of at least 12 biological replicates, and every experiment was repeated a minimum of two times. The hormone and hormone inhibitor treatments commenced when the seedlings reached sufficient size, approximately 14 days after germination. For the plants subjected to a white light (WL) + FR treatment, they were transferred to a red to far-red light ratio (R/FR) of 0.2 on the first day of the treatment. All measurements were taken on the seventh day after treatment to assess the effects of the hormone and light treatments on the specified plant parameters. 4.4.4 Pharmacological treatments In this chapter, multiple chemicals were utilized to explore the influence of plant hormones and their inhibitors on tomato growth and development under varying light conditions (Table 4.2). The plant hormones examined were mentioned in Table 4.2 (Kamoutsis et al., 1999; Asami et al., 2000; Hayashi et al., 2008; Mashiguchi et al., 2011; Kakei et al., 2015) To investigate the effects of chemical treatment, 14-day old tomato plants were subjected working concentrations brushed by paint brush on the first true leaf or locally on the internode 1. For the hormone treatments, hormones were applied on day 1, 3, and 5 of the treatment, on of each plant’s entire first internode. As for the hormone inhibitors, they were either applied one day before the treatment’s initiation on the internode, or to the soil with a 40 ml working solution two days before the far-red (FR) treatment. For 100 μM IAA and100, 200 μM BBo, homogeneous spray of whole plants was also tested. Subsequently, cross and longitudinal sections were collected from the middle of the first internode and preserved in 70% ethanol for subsequent microscopy.
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