100 Chapter 4 mmHg (IQR 109, 128 (with no significant change during follow-up). The median diastolic blood pressure at baseline increased from 74 mmHg (IQR 67, 82) to 76 mmHg (IQR 70, 84) at the second-month visit (p=0.024) and reduced slightly to 74 (IQR 67, 82) at the fifth-month visit (p=0.959). The difference in DBP between the second and fifth-month visits was 2.0 mmHg (p=0.026). Predictors of Elevated Baseline Blood Glucose In the univariate analysis, a positive family history of DM (OR 2.98; 95% CI: 1.18, 7.51; P=0.021) significantly predicted elevated baseline blood glucose (Table 2). The baseline weight and age of participants were not significant predictors, while a reactive baseline HIV status (OR 3.01; 95% CI: 0.92, 11.5; p=0.077) and diastolic blood pressure (OR 1.03; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.07; p=0.085) were marginally statistically significant. A positive family history of DM (AOR 2.80; 95% CI: 1.08, 7.32; P=0.035) and a reactive HIV status (AOR 4.62; 95% CI: 1.06, 20.11; p=0.042) significantly predicted an elevated baseline blood glucose in the multivariate analysis. The multi-level logistic model was not different from the final multivariate logistic model (Supplementary file 2), and the intra-cluster effect was negligible (ICC=3.64e-16), indicating that within-region variation provided minimal explanation for elevated blood glucose among individuals. Table 2: Predictors of elevated baseline blood glucose Variable Univariate Multivariate Odds 95% CI P-Value Odds 95% CI P-Value Age (years) 1.02 0.99, 1.05 0.111 Sex Female 1 Male 1.33 0.61, 2.93 0.476 Diastolic blood pressure 1.03 0.99, 1.07 0.085 1.02 0.99, 1.05 0.132 Baseline weight (kg) 0.98 0.96, 1.01 0.283 Baseline HIV Status Non-Reactive 1 Reactive 3.01 0.87, 10.23 0.077 4.62 1.06, 20.1 0.042 Family history of DM No 1 Unknown 2.70 0.98, 7.47 0.055 2.81 0.99, 7.99 0.053 Yes 2.98 1.18, 7.51 0.021 2.80 1.08, 7.32 0.035 Hosmer Lemeshow Goodness of fit test: p=0.6438
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