41 2 Tuberculosis Treatment and Resulting Abnormal Blood Glucose: A Scoping Review of Studies from 1980 to 2021 Table 3: Summary of results from the different studies First Author (Year/ Country) Overall Summary and Treatment Outcome Purohit, S.D (1984 / India) The mean rise in glucose was lower on the 30th day compared to the pre-treatment rise. The mean rise in glucose was higher in the rifampicin group at different intervals compared to the baseline. Singh, M.M (1984 / India) 54% (19/35) of those with cavities had an impaired glucose tolerance indicating an association between cavities and IGT. Only six out of 23 with initial impaired glucose tolerance continued to show impairment at 12 weeks. Oluboyo, P.O (1990 / Nigeria)* Only 3.7% of patients remained abnormal three months after full treatment compared to baseline. The result suggests glucose intolerance during TB treatment caused by infection and is reversible. All patients had improved symptomatic and radiographic features at the end of treatment. Jawad, F (1995 / Pakistan)* Glucose levels improved and returned to normal after TB treatment. Basoglu, O.K (1999 / Turkey)* OGTT results returned to normal in both TB and pneumonia groups after treatment. Cases with abnormal OGTT were older than 40 years and more likely to be males. Tarbasi, P (2014 / Iran)* 95% had a successful treatment outcome. 24% developed DM, were older, had the highest level of FBG and had the highest prevalence of cavitary lung lesions. Akinlade, K.S (2016 / Nigeria) HbA1c decreased at two months post-treatment compared to baseline. There were no changes in glucose levels at months four and six of treatment compared to baseline. No difference was seen in HbA1c levels based on HIV status. Boillat-Blanco, N (2016 / Tanzania) DM or IGT at enrolment was significantly associated with adverse TB outcomes (i.e., loss to follow-up, treatment failure, or death). Lin, Y (2017 / China) HIV positive status, DM, smoking cigarettes and presenting at a hospital rather than a clinic increased the odds of association with unstable FBG. Moreira, J (2018 / Brazil)* 75% successful treatment outcome. Hyperglycaemia was associated with an increased risk of mortality one year after TB treatment compared to euglycaemia (48.9% vs 7.9%). Diarra, B (2019 / Mali)* No elevated blood sugar was seen at follow-up for the two periods. 64% with DM had a good TB treatment outcome and blood sugar levels had no impact on treatment outcome. Krishnappa, D (2019 / India) Patients with hyperglycaemia (DM & IGT) were older. The blood sugar levels improved in all patients with DM following treatment of TB. Habib, S.S (2020 / Pakistan) 42% (213/502) with previous normal HbA1c had an increased HbA1c at three months follow-up while 58% (141/244) with previous elevated HbA1c dropped to the normal range at three months follow-up. Kubjane, M (2020 / South Africa) 2.6% (n=10) with DM at enrolment reverted to normal at follow-up; and 22.5% (n=105) of patients with IGR reverted to normal at follow-up. *Studies with outcomes
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