98 Chapter 4 1.5 Presenting information with a good balance between videos, pictures, and texts Most participants preferred pictograms, pictures, videos, and not too much text. Although one patient preferred the opposite: “I do not like to watch videos, I always skip them. I always read the text.” All participants agreed that the visual aspect is important. Having too much text would increase the risk of the app not being appealing and the app would look like a textual website, rather than use the opportunities of an app. An app should be inviting, easy to use and appealing. Patient 3 (FG 2): “You should provide multiple options, because one may like to read a text, and someone else prefers a video or pictures.” 2. Information should be applicable for all patients 2.1 Mainly focused on the older patient Patients noticed that written information was often focused on older patients, thus not adequately addressing the needs of younger patients. Often, only older patients are displayed in flyers, websites, and other resources. Patients mentioned that there is a stigma that only ‘older’ people have a stoma. Younger patients felt that they are invertedly placed in the category of older patients, which feels unjust and may revoke a younger patient from further reading. Younger patients wanted more ‘neutral’ information, which is not specifically focused on the older patient. Representatives involved in stoma-related information resources recognised this problem. Surgeon 4 (FG2): “Of course, I have seen these websites myself and the information is focused on the older patients. However, there are so many young patients with a stoma. I get what you [the patients] are saying.” 2.2 Personalisation of information Some participants recommended providing personalised information in the app, because some information may be less important to some patients than others. For example, information regarding urostomy is not informative for patients with an ileostomy. Participants agreed that information should be personalised based on stoma type, age, sex, and underlying disease. In this way, all information provided is relevant, as information shown is tailored to the situation. However, some doubted the benefit of a personalised app because they felt that it may be too difficult to cater to all individual needs. Participants recommended that all information should be accessible so that, if needed, patients could read topics that were not included in their personalised app. In addition, stoma care protocols can differ among hospitals, and, therefore, it can be challenging to inform patients about certain themes, as there is not always an ‘apply to all’. For example, one nurse explained that patients should contact their hospital if they
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