61 3.1 Clinical Evaluation of laser-ablated titanium implant Table 1: Demographics and implant loss rates for all included patients and surgical approach subgroups. Total Surgery method n=115 ‘U’ Shape (n=36) ‘S’ Shape +SR (n=21) Linear +SR (n=58) Sex, n (%) Male 55 (47.83) 16 (44.44) 10 (47.62) 29 (50.00) Female 60 (52.17) 20 (55.56) 11 (52.38) 29 (50.00) Side of surgery n (%) Bilateral 61 (53.04) 16 (44.44) 10 (47.62) 35 (60.34) Left 21 (18.26) 6 (16.67) 6 (28.57) 9 (15.52) Right 33 (28.70) 14 (38.89) 5 (23.81) 14 (24.14) Age: mean (SD) (range) 8.8 (3.5) (4, 15) 9.1 (3.7) (4, 15) 9.0 (3.8) (4, 15) 8.4 (3.3) (4, 15) Mean BMI centile (SD) 23.2 (13.3) 21.4 (11.2) 21.6 (9.9) 24.9 (15.4) Implant length n (%) 3 mm 124 (70.5) 4 mm 52 (29.5) Abutment length n (%) 6 mm 29 (16.5) 9 mm 141 (80.5) 12 mm 5 (3%) Total number of implants 176 52 31 93 Total number of abutments fitted 175 52 30 93 Implant failure n (%) 5 (2.8) 1 (1.9) 1 (3.2) 3 (3.2) Traumatic failure n (%) 1 (0.6) 1 (1.9) 0 0 Total implant failures 6 (3.4) 2 (3.8) 1 (3.2) 3 (3.2) Linear +sr = linear incision for implant placement followed by a linear incision with minimal skin reduction for the second stage.’‘u’ shaped = u-shape incision of the first stage, followed by a 4-mm skin punch without skin reduction. ’S’-shaped + sr= s shaped skin incision for the first stage with no skin reduction, followed by a 4-mm skin punch with slight skin reduction for stage two.
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