101 Monitoring the Dutch Solid Start program: developing an indicator set for municipalities qualitative data about experiences, facilitators and barriers (in a mixed-methods approach) can help to interpret the quantitative data, gain more insight into processes and explore opportunities for improvement (44). Using the indicator set in combination with qualitative data in a continuous learning cycle with local stakeholders can support an integrated approach that is adapted to the local context in Dutch municipalities. On an international level, the topics and indicators can potentially be a starting point for monitoring similar cross-sectoral programs into the first thousand days in other Western countries (37-41). Additionally, countries that aim to develop a supported and comprehensive indicator set to monitor a cross-sectoral program can learn from our systematic methodology of collaborating with experts with varying backgrounds. Using a co-creative process can increase the support, relevancy and therewith impact of the research project (45, 46). CONCLUSION In this study we present an indicator set for monitoring the Dutch Solid Start program on a local level, which will be used and evaluated from 2022 onwards. The indicator set consists of 19 indicators that reflect both social and medical factors. The indicator set can be used by local coalitions to enhance the conversation between stakeholders about the local situation and developments in order to prioritize interventions and policies. Using the indicator set for monitoring is a continuous process that supports the optimalisation and promotion of integrated service delivery across the medical and social sector at a local level. Ultimately, the indicator set contributes to the reduction of health inequities within the preconception period, during pregnancy and after birth in order to give each child a solid start. Acknowledgements We are very grateful for the participation of all experts in the experts panel. Funding information The Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport funded the monitor of the Dutch Solid Start program that was conducted by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment. Competing interests The authors have no competing interests to declare. 4
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