Chapter 4 120 Figure 4.4. Path diagram of mediation analysis of the CAR and PSQI total score in oral contraceptive users compared to naturally cycling women. 4. Discussion Differences in NC women, OC users and men’s sleep In this study, we find no significant differences in sleep disruptions levels between healthy NC women, OC users and men nor in sleep quality between healthy NC women and men. Overall sleep quality showed significant differences between OC and NC groups, indicating possible lower sleep quality in OC users compared to NC women, but the absolute differences were modest. The difference in sleep quality between OC users and NC women is in line with previous findings on sleep and OC: Bezerra et al. (2020) and Albuquerque et al. (2015) also found poorer sleep quality in OC users, although similarly, they find small differences. In contrast, other studies
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