Chapter 2 56 3.5. Post-hoc analysis Post-hoc within- and between-participant results The models with separate predictors for within- and between subject estimates for the IDS-SR scores, the atypical depression IDS subscores and the MDD prevalence had a better model fit (p<0.001; ∆AIC=19; 6 and 12, respectively) than the previous adjusted models of the main analysis. This analysis showed a disparity between the within- and between subject estimates. As displayed in Table 2.2, depressive symptoms (B=1.43, 95% CI= (0.37, 2.50), p=0.0009), symptoms of atypical depression (B=0.45, 95% CI= (-0.03, 0.92), p=0.07), as well as MDD diagnoses (OR=1.70, 95% CI=(1.16, 2.49), p=0.0006) were estimated higher in OC measurements when assessing within-subject estimates. However, between-subject estimates indicated lower depression symptoms (B=-2.97, 95% CI=(-4.57, -1.38), p<0.0001), lower symptom scores for atypical depression (B=-0.53, 95% CI= (-1.04, -0.04), p=0.03) and lower prevalence of MDD diagnoses (OR=0.66, 95% CI=(0.47, 0.92), p=0.014) in OC measurements compared to NC measurements. The models with separate predictors for within- and between-person estimates for dysthymia as well as for insomnia severity did not show a better model fit (∆AIC=+2 and ∆AIC=+2, respectively), and estimates for dysthymia still showed no indications of associations between OC use and dysthymia prevalence. The insomnia scores were still estimated somewhat higher, both in between-participant estimates (B=0.51, 95% CI= (-0.07, 1.10), p=0.09) as well as within-participant estimates (B=0.56, 95% CI= (0.1, 1.02), p=0.02). Insomnia per-item analysis Multivariable models, conducted for the sleep-specific items from the IDS-SR (items 1, 2, 3 and 4) and all WHI-IRS items showed that specifically WHI-IRS items 2 (waking up during the night) and 3 (waking earlier than planned) were higher during OC use compared to NC measurements (B=0.28, 95% CI= (0.16, 0.39), p<0.001 and B=0.19, 95% CI=(0.08, 0.31), p=0.001, respectively). See Supplementary Materials 2.A for the full model results for all sleepspecific IDS-SR items and WHI-IRS items.
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