104 Chapter 4 oral health among patients. Nurse’s activity was not systematically monitored and registered. Discussion This scoping review was conducted to provide a broad overview of oral health interventions in mental health and to evaluate the study quality. The review demonstrates that little has been developed in order to improve oral care for people diagnosed with mental health disorders, despite the fact that this is an important topic that influences all aspects of quality of life. Eleven studies were included that reported interventions focusing on behavioural, educational or physical interventions, or combinations of these aspects for patients and/or professionals. All studies (n = 11) had an evaluation period ≤12 months. Nine studies showed an effect on the short term (≤12 months) with regard to oral health knowledge, oral health behaviour, or physical oral health outcomes (e.g., plaque index). Two studies showed no effects on any outcome. In general, the methodological quality was moderate to sufficient. Overall, this review demonstrates that educational, behavioural, and physical interventions or combinations of these elements have a positive effect on oral health knowledge (N = 5 out of 11 studies), the frequency of brushing (access to toothbrush, toothpaste) (N = 3), plaque index (N = 4) and gingival bleeding on probing depth (N= 4). No significant differences were measured on dental visits and the consumption of sugary drinks. The positive effects were found in patients diagnosed with SMI, psychotic disorders, personality disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorders, eating disorders, or substance abuse disorders—with different outcomes. Of all studies, seven studies were focussed on outpatients, four studies were focussed on inpatients. Looking for interventions, it is important to look carefully whether interventions are developed for inpatients or outpatients, because the findings may not be generalizable to all patients with a mental health disorder. The results of this study makes it difficult to draw any firm conclusions on which intervention works for whom and which elements should be part of effective interventions. Based on the results of this study, due to the heterogeneity in both interventions, diagnostic groups and outcomes, one golden standard oral health
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