32 Chapter 2 Analysis Data analysis The research team, consisting of two experienced nurses, analysed the data and coded them independently. In the current study, we used Colaizzi’s seven-step phenomenological method [12]. Bracketing by maintaining a reflective log file was common in the phase of analysing the data. During this phase, peer debriefing was conducted following each step in the coding process. The data discovered were compared with the literature to substantiate our findings. Each theme was described in the findings, and notable quotes were used to clarify the findings. Table 2 provides a short summary of the analysis technique of Colaizzi’s strategy used in this study. Ethical considerations For this study, the research proposal was submitted to the ethics committee (Leeuwarden, the Netherlands) although formal approval was unnecessary. The committee confirmed the approval, registered under no. RTPO979a. Informed consent was given in writing: the principle of justice was followed by providing oral and written information about the research, confidentiality, voluntary participation, guaranteed anonymity, the possibility to quit participation at any time, and consent to the audio recordings. The recordings of the interviews are retained, according to the international safety regulations for the storage of data, at the NHL/Stenden University of Applied Sciences and are accessible only to the researchers. Assessing the rigour of this study: Trustworthiness and authenticity There were four criteria to establish trustworthiness: credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability [13,14]. Establishing the credibility of findings entails both making every effort to ensure that research is carried out according to the canons of good practice and, where appropriate, submitting the research results to the patients who were studied for confirmation that the researcher had correctly understood their world. This technique is referred to as respondent validation [14]. In this research, the research group fed back (in Dutch) to the interviewees its impressions and findings of the discussions. In this study, transferability was strengthened by comparing the data discovered to the literature on this subject to substantiate the findings. Dependability requires trying to ensure that complete records and an audit trail of all phases of the research process were kept [14]. It should be evident that personal values or ideological inclinations have not been
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