98 Chapter 4 Methodological Quality All studies (n = 11) were included in the methodological quality appraisal. Table 4 identifies the quality appraisal according to the JBI criteria [34,35]. Besides double blindness, three RCTs met all the other JBI criteria [46–48]. Additionally, one RCT could also not complete its follow-up assessment [45]. Five quasi-experimental studies met all criteria, except for the control group in the study design [28,50–53]. One quasi-experimental study met all criteria [49]. The only longitudinal study [54] met four out of eleven criteria. There were no strategies described for dealing with confounding factors and no statistical methods (e.g., regression) were employed to deal with confounding factors [35]. In their study, there were no confounding strategies, reliability and validity of used measurements were not clearly described. Syntheses: Narrative Summary of Themes All studies (n = 11) focused on patients of which three studies focused on both patients and professionals (Table 1). These studies were focussed on outpatients (n = 7) or inpatients (n = 4). The literature was analysed thematically, according to the different intervention types, to answer the question regarding what kind of oral health interventions were addressed to improve oral health in adults with a mental health disorder. Four types of oral health interventions emerged from our analysis: (I) educational interventions; (II) physical interventions; (III) interventions combining behavioural and educational elements and IV) interventions combining educational and physical elements. Educational Interventions Three quasi-experimental studies [51–53] and one cohort study [54] reported on educational interventions in patients with SMI or a mental disorder. In the study of Barbadoro et al. [51] firstly, inpatients with substance abuse disorders received a questionnaire on socio-economic data and epidemiological data to assess oral hygiene behaviour and other oral health risk factors. After fulfilling the questionnaire, respondents received a complete oral examination according to the WHO criteria (WHO, 1987). A comprehensive oral mucosal examination was performed for evaluating the presence of precancerous lesions. Respondents received a brochure on oral health. A report of the clinical findings was presented
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