Table 2: Assessments in Laparoscopic Metabolic Bariatric Surgery Assessment Examples Use GAS global assessment scale OSATS 39 GOALS 40 GRITS 41 GASS42 general surgical skills general laparoscopic skills general surgical and laparoscopic skills general laparoscopic skills EBAS error-based assessment scale OCHRA 22 GERT 43 LSG LRYGB PSAT procedure- specific assessment tool BOSATS 19 SOSATS 24 IS-PBA 13 LRYGB LSG LRYGB step-specific assessment tools A-OSATS 44 laparoscopic intes~nal anastomosis A-OSATS = anastomosis OSATS, BOSATS = Bariatric OSATS, EBAS = error-based assessment scale, GAS = global assessment scale, GASS = Global Assessment of Surgical Skills, GERT = Generic Error Rating Tool , GOALS = Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills, GRITS = Global Rating Index for Technical Skills, IS-PBA = independence-scaled Procedure-Based Assessment, LRYGB = laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, LSG = laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, OCHRA = Objective Clinical Human Reliability Analysis, OSATS = Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill, PSAT = procedure specific assessment tool, SOSATS = Sleeve-OSATS In addition to the OSATS, the Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills (GOALS), Global Rating Index for Technical Skills (GRITS) and Global Assessment of Surgical Skills (GASS) are used in (research on) metabolic bariatric surgical training. In some curricula the GOALS is the gold standard in assessment of laparoscopic skills, the GRITS combines items of the OSATS and GOALS. The OSATS, GRITS and GOALS use a global rating scale. The GASS is a six-point global assessment of surgical skill focusing on the safety of execution. It uses a three point ‘safety scale’ (“poor–unsafe”, “adequate–safe”, “good–safe”).42 With the same focus on outcome and safety OCHRA and GERT assessments of the LSG and LRYGB have been created. Different groups have created procedure-specific or procedure-based assessment tools (PBA or PSAT). These are combined with either a global rating scale or independence scale. Glarner et al. introduced an independence scale of the role of the resident during the operative procedure.45 Figure 3 shows these independence and safety scales, as well as the 8 157 General discussion and future perspectives
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