Level of Evidence Two randomized controlled studies, 1 systematic review, 9 cohort or retrospective series, and 2 surveys were included (Table 1). Study populations varied between 5 and 272 subjects. Eight of 14 studies focused on residents only, others also included fellows or surgeons. Most studies concentrated on LRYGB procedures; 3 studies included the LSG. One study of Azer et al. solely focused on knowledge acquisition of surgical residents on the topic of metabolic bariatric surgery through an online platform.18 Four publications (28%) described an ex vivo training course for residents and surgeons.19-22 Three authors (21%) divided the gastric bypass procedure into 3 steps (creating the pouch, gastrojejunostomy, and jejunojejunostomy) and taught residents 1 step at a time.6,23,24 Three other studies described the education of a single step only (jejunojejunostomy) or aimed their study at training of a single step.20,25,26 Figure 1: PRISMA Flow Diagram of Selection Process ERIC = Education Resources Information Center 28 2
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