Statistical Analysis The scores on PBA, OSATS and BOSATS are presented using the mean and standard deviation or median and interquartile range (IQR), depending on normality of data. The data of each assessment are presented both overall and per surgical step (i.e. pouch creation, BPL and GJ, and AL and JJ). The group comparisons of the ratings of the recorded surgical procedures on the beginner, intermediate and expert level, were performed using one-way univariate ANOVA (F test) for normally distributed variables or Kruskal-Wallis test for skewed distributed variables. For additional two-group comparisons a Student-T- or Mann Whitney U test was used. A 2-tailed P-value less than 0.05 indicates statistical significance. In the additional secondary two-group tests no correction for multiple testing was applied. All analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4. The results of the questionnaires were presented with descriptive statistics. RESULTS Patient Characteristics For the intermediate level resident, as well as the surgeon, videorecorded procedures including all operative steps were included. For the beginner the recorded steps were divided amongst two patients – the supervising attending surgeon performed the other steps in these operations. Characteristics of the patients recorded in the included videos are summarized in Table 2. Table 2: Characteristics of the Recorded Cases Pa2ent Gender Age BMI Comorbidi2es Surgeon exper2se Recorded Step 1 V 54 36 DM, HT, OSAS Beginner Pouch creaqon 1 V 54 36 DM, HT, OSAS Beginner AL&JJ 2 V 51 42 HT Beginner BPL&GJ 3 V 56 43 arthrosis Intermediate All steps 4 V 52 42 -- Expert All steps AL = alimentary limb, BMI = Body Mass Index, BPL = biliopancreatic limb, DM = Diabetes Mellitus, GJ = gastrojejunal anastomosis, HT = Hypertension, JJ = jejunojejunostomy, OSAS = Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome 88 5
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