Chapter 11 362 following the final smoking cessation training session), t=3 months, t=6 months and t=12 months, respectively,13 2) a descending scheme, offering vouchers with a monetary value of €150, €100 and €50 upon validated abstinence at t=0, t=3 months and t=6 months, respectively, 3) an ascending scheme, offering vouchers with a monetary value of €50 and €350 upon validated abstinence at t=6 months and t=12 months, respectively, and 4) a deposit scheme, where participants provided a €100 deposit at the beginning of the trial, which was refunded upon validated abstinence at t=6 months, and where in addition vouchers with a monetary value of €50, €50, €150, and €200 were provided upon validated abstinence at t=0, t=3 months, t=6 months, and t=12 months, respectively.7 If a deposit-scheme participant was not continuously abstinent at t=6 months, their deposit was donated to the Netherlands Lung Foundation. Detailed descriptions of the incentive schemes can be found in our protocol.9 Figure 1: Flow diagram of participant inclusion plus outline of control and intervention conditions. *Participants are provided with an informed choice regarding the individualised incentive scheme based on: 1. Degree of tobacco dependence, 2. Readiness to quit and 3. Present-bias. Note: red arrows are conditional on sustained biochemically validated smoking cessation. To maximize the effectiveness of the incentive program, participants received personalized advice regarding which scheme would most likely fit their personal characteristics. This advice was based on the degree of 1) tobacco dependence,
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