103 White matter hyperintensity shape is associated with long-term dementia risk 5 S.5.8.2. Area under the curve based on ROC curves per WMH marker. The WMH markers were used as a test variable and dementia occurrence as a state variable. Area under the curve (95% CI) Periventricular/confluent WMH shape Solidity 0.58 (0.56–0.60) Convexity 0.66 (0.63–0.68) Concavity Index 0.68 (0.66–0.70) Fractal dimension 0.67 (0.64–0.69) Deep WMH shape Eccentricity 0.51 (0.48–0.53) Fractal dimension 0.49 (0.47–0.51) WMH Volumes Total WMH volume 0.70 (0.67–0.72) Periventricular/confluent WMH volume 0.70 (0.68–0.72) Deep WMH volume 0.57 (0.55–0.60) S.5.8.3. Secondary analyses in which model 1 was additionally adjusted for total WMH volume. Model 1 HR (95% CI) Periventricular/confluent WMH shape Solidity 1.28 (1.12–1.47)*** Convexity 1.08 (0.96–1.20) Concavity Index 1.16 (1.04–1.29)** Fractal Dimension 1.11 (0.98–1.26) Deep WMH shape Eccentricity 1.05 (0.97–1.15) Fractal dimension 1.00 (0.92–1.08) A hazard ratio below 1 means that higher values decrease the risk of developing dementia. A hazard ratio above 1 means that higher values increase the risk of developing dementia. Model 1: controlled for age, sex, cognitive status at baseline, and total WMH volume (as percentage of intracranial volume). **p=0.01 ***p<0.001.
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