108 Chapter 5 S.5.8.8. Sensitivity analyses in which the primary analyses were rerun on an age and sex matched subset (n=1338). No dementia at follow-up (mean ± SD) Dementia at follow-up (mean ± SD) Model 1 HR (95% CI) Model 2 HR (95% CI) Model 3 HR (95% CI) Periventricular/confluent WMH shape Solidity 0.17 ± 0.10 0.16 ± 0.07 1.24 (1.08–1.41)** 1.22 (1.07–1.40)** 1.23 (1.07–1.40)** Convexity 0.99 ± 0.19 0.93 ± 0.20 (1.20–1.40)*** 1.29(1.20–1.40)*** 1.29 (1.19–1.40)*** Concavity Index 1.32 ± 0.16 1.37 ± 0.16 1.33 (1.23–1.44)*** 1.33 (1.23–1.44)*** 1.33 (1.23–1.44)*** Fractal Dimension 1.74 ± 0.15 1.79 ± 0.13 1.33 (1.22–1.46)*** 1.33 (1.22–1.46)*** 1.33 (1.21–1.45)*** Deep WMH shape Eccentricity 0.39 ± 0.07 0.39 ± 0.06 1.00 (0.92–1.08) 1.01 (0.93–1.09) 1.01 (0.93–1.09) Fractal dimension 1.67 ± 0.13 1.69 ± 0.12 1.03 (0.94–1.12) 1.02 (0.94–1.11) 1.02 (0.93–1.11) WMH volumes Total WMH volume 21.13 ± 17.73 28.46 ± 21.63 1.49 (1.36–1.64)*** 1.51 (1.37–1.66)*** 1.51 (1.36–1.66)*** Periventricular/confluent WMH volume 19.60 ± 17.49 26.73 ± 21.37 1.52 (1.37–1.67)*** 1.53 (1.38–1.69)*** 1.53 (1.38–1.69)*** Deep WMH volume 1.53 ± 1.26 1.73 ± 1.35 1.10 (1.02–1.19)* 1.10 (1.02–1.19)* 1.10 (1.02–1.19)* Age and sex matching was performed using case-control matching in SPSS, in order to test for a potential non-linear effect of age on dementia occurrence. A hazard ratio below 1 means that higher values decrease the risk of developing dementia. A hazard ratio above 1 means that higher values increase the risk of developing dementia. Model 1: controlled for age, sex, cognitive status at baseline. Model 2: controlled for age, sex, cognitive status at baseline, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol level, smoking status. Model 3: controlled for age, sex, cognitive status at baseline, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol level, smoking status, infarcts, coronary artery disease. Analyses in WMH volumes are additionally controlled for total intracranial volume. HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; WMH: white matter hyperintensities; BMI: body mass index. *p<0.05 **p<0.01 ***p<0.001.
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