139 Distinct brain MRI phenotypes and their association with long-term dementia risk 6 Subgroup 7 has relatively low WMH volumes, no infarcts, a relatively regular WMH shape, enlarged PVS (in the white matter 100%), no microbleeds, and moderate cerebral atrophy. Subgroup 8 has relatively low WMH volumes, a relatively regular WMH shape, enlarged PVS (mostly in and around the basal ganglia, and some in the white matter), a high prevalence of subcortical infarcts (100%) and a relatively low amount of cerebral atrophy. Subgroup 9 has moderately high WMH volumes, a relatively irregular WMH shape, the most microbleeds (66%), no infarcts, some enlarged PVS (in the white matter), and moderate cerebral atrophy. Subgroup 10 has the lowest WMH volumes, no infarcts or enlarged PVS, the most regular WMH shape, and the lowest amount of cerebral atrophy (the highest brain volumes). Furthermore, this subgroup has the lowest number of participants with hypertension (64%), type 2 diabetes (4%), and includes the most female participants (81%). Subgroup 11 has moderately high WMH volumes, a relatively irregular WMH shape, no infarcts, some microbleeds, enlarged PVS (mostly in the white matter, 99%; basal ganglia: 8%), and moderate cerebral atrophy. Subgroup 12 has the highest WMH volumes, some subcortical infarcts, some PVS (in and around the basal ganglia, and whole brain), the most irregular WMH shape, and the most severe cerebral atrophy. Moreover, this subgroup has the highest deep WMH volumes in the temporal lobe (0.29 ± 0.29 ml) and the highest percentage of participants with hypertension (90%). Subgroup 13 has moderately high WMH volumes, no infarcts or enlarged PVS, a relatively irregular WMH shape, and a relatively low amount of cerebral atrophy. Subgroup 14 has relatively high WMH volumes and a relatively irregular WMH shape, some enlarged PVS (in and around the basal ganglia, and in the white matter), some subcortical infarcts, a large amount of cerebellar infarcts (99%), some cortical infarcts, and a relatively high amount of cerebral atrophy. Subgroup 15 has moderately high WMH volumes, a moderately irregular WMH shape, some cerebellar infarcts (29%), a large amount of cortical infarcts (100%), some subcortical infarcts, a relatively high amount of cerebral atrophy, some microbleeds, and some enlarged PVS (in and around the basal ganglia, and in the white matter).
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