26 Chapter 2 Table 2.1. Baseline characteristics of the patient population. Total (n=155) Age 71 ± 5 Female sex 50 (32%) MMSE 29 (27,30) ASA score 1 19 (12%) 2 84 (54%) 3 52 (34%) Depressive symptoms 7 (5%) Vascular risk factors Hypertension 72 (47%) Diabetes (type I & II) 24 (16%) BMI (kg/m2) 27 ± 4 Hyperlipidemia 55 (34%) Obesity 30 (19%) Current smoker 13 (8%) Prior TIA or CVA 8 (5%) Data represent n (percentage), mean ± SD or median (interquartile range). MMSE: mini mental state exam; ASA: classification of disease severity for the American Society of Anesthesiologists. BMI: body-mass index. TIA: transient ischemic attack. CVA: cerebrovascular accident. Table 2.2 The association between cardiovascular risk factors and WMH shape markers. Hypertension Diabetes BMI Hyperlipidemia Periventricular/ Confluent WMH† Solidity‡ 0.84 (-0.10–0.27) -0.02 (-0.24–0.20) 0.00 (-0.02–0.02) -0.01 (-0.18–0.19) Convexity -0.12 (-0.22–-0.03)* -0.03 (-0.15–0.09) 0.00 (-0.01–0.01) 0.01 (-0.09–0.11) Concavity index‡ 0.06 (0.02–0.11)* 0.01 (-0.04–0.06) -0.00 (-0.01-0.01) -0.01 (-0.05-0.04) Fractal dimension 0.04 (-0.01–0.10) 0.01 (-0.07–0.07) -0.00 (-0.01–0.01) -0.03 (-0.08–0.03) Deep WMH Eccentricity 0.01 (-0.03–0.06) 0.00 (-0.05–0.06) -0.00 (-0.01–0.01) 0.02 (-0.02–0.06) Fractal dimension 0.01 (-0.10–0.12) -0.03 (-0.17–0.10) -0.01 (-0.02–0.00) -0.08 (-0.17–0.03) The values represent B values (95% confidence interval) of the linear regression analyses adjusted for age and sex. * p<0.05. ‡ Solidity and concavity index were multiplied by 100 and natural log transformed, due to non-normal distribution. † Periventricular/confluent WMH with a volume >4 ml. Periventricular/ confluent WMH: n=73; Deep WMH: n=122.
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