92 Chapter 5 Table 5.1. Baseline characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors of study sample (n = 3077). Baseline Characteristics No dementia at follow-up n = 2372 Dementia at follow-up n = 705 P value Age (years) 74.7 ± 4.9 (66–93) 78.7 ± 5.1 (67–94) <0.001 Time to follow-up (years) 10.7 ± 1.9 (0.8–13.4) 7.2 ± 2.5 (0.6–12.2) <0.001 Female sex 1451 (61%) 449 (64%) 0.227 BMI (kg/m2) 27.1 ± 4.1 (14.8–47.5) 26.4 ± 4.3 (13.6–45.0) <0.001 Hypertension 1819 (77%) 578 (82%) 0.015 Type 2 diabetes 206 (9%) 74 (10%) 0.142 Cholesterol (mmol/L) 5.7 ± 1.1 (2.3–10.9) 5.7 ± 1.1 (2.5–9.3) 0.803 Smoking status Never 1061 (45%) 346 (49%) 0.046 Former 1058 (45%) 284 (40%) 0.048 Current 253 (11%) 75 (11%) 0.999 Coronary artery disease 169 (7%) 52 (7%) 0.821 Infarctsa 485 (20%) 195 (28%) <0.001 Education levelb 2.2 ± 0.9 2.1 ± 0.9 0.099 Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index. a Subcortical, cortical, and cerebellar infarcts. b 1 = primary school; 2 = secondary school; 3 = college; 4 = university. Values are given as mean ± SD (interquartile range) or n (%). Independent sample t tests were performed for age, BMI, cholesterol level, and time to follow-up. Pearson’s chi-squared tests were executed for sex, education level, smoking status, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and brain infarcts.
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