80 Chapter 3 Study authors Publication year Study design Geographical location Research period Study population Definition of inappropriate antibiotic prescription Number of patients/ practices/general practitioners van Esch 2018 Retrospective cohort Netherlands 2016 Acute cough ICPC codes, 31% of the patients; Antibiotic prescription not indicated by the guideline. 8192 adults (15 practices) Acute cough (R05) Whooping cough (R71) Laryngitis/tracheitis (R77) Acute bronchitis/bronchiolitis (R78) Acute rhinosinusitis ICPC codes, 34% of the patients Sinus symptom/complaint (R09) Upper respiratory infection acute (R74) Acute/ chronic sinusitis (R75) Urinary tract infection ICPC codes, 36% of the patients. Dysuria/painful urination (U01) Urinary frequency/urgency, (U02) Cystitis/urinary tract infection (U71) GPs: General Practitioner ICPC: International Classification Primary Care ICPC R21: Throat symptoms ICPC R22: Tonsils symptoms ICPC R72: Strep throat ICPC R74: Acute Upper Respiratory Infection ICPC R76: Acute tonsillitis ICPC R77: Laryngitis/tracheitis RTI: Respiratory Tract Infection UTI: Urinary Tract Infection
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