106 Chapter 5 statistical significance of numerical variable differences observed between groups and estimate group effect, a mixed model analysis was performed. Differences were considered significant when the p value was < 0.05. All the statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS© software (version 27). Figure 1. Overview of surgical procedure and measurements. RESULTS A total of six pigs were included in this study. Median weight was 39.25 ± 3.13 kg (IQR 36.00 – 42.25). All animals were followed for at least 120 minutes after dye administration. The maximum observation time took 420 minutes. Animal characteristics and clinical data are summarized in Table 1. Table 1. Pig characteristics and clinical data Group Pig 1 1 Pig 2 1 Pig 3 2 Pig 4 2 Pig 5 3 Pig 6 3 Weight (kg) 41.00 43.00 42.00 37.50 36.00 36.00 MB dose (mg/kg) Total dose (mg) 0.75 30.75 0.75 32.25 0.50 21.00 0.50 18.75 0.25 9.00 0.25 9.00 ICG dose (mg/kg) Total dose (mg) 0.20 8.20 0.20 8.60 0.20 8.40 0.20 7.50 0.20 7.20 0.20 7.20 Length of observation (min) 420 240 360 240 120 360 Number of ureters visualized (n) 2 2 2 1* 2 2 *due to renal agenesis, only right kidney in situ Ureter visualization analysis A total of 11 ureters in six pigs were identified. The reason why one ureter could not be identified was due to renal agenesis (only right kidney in situ). All ureters were clearly distinguishable from their surroundings. In all six experiments (based on three different doses of MB), the ureters were visible within five to ten minutes after dye administration
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