Chapter 9 Table 2. Continued Reference Indication for surgery Type of surgery AL rate Yes : No Sex (M : F)w Age (years, mean ± SD or median (IQR)) Comorbidities/ASA Clavien Dindo AL No AL AL No AL ASA AL No AL di Re et al. Colon cancer (n=16), rectal cancer (n=55), benign (n=28)2 Laparoscopically, open, robotically, or with conversion LAR (n=25), ultralow LAR (n=50) and high anterior resection (n=25) 61 : 61 (50%)* 43 : 18 41 : 20 62.4± 12.3 64.1± 8.6 Cardiovascular disease n=14 Diabetes mellitus n=24 Renal failure n=4 Lung disease n=10 Liver disease n=7 Grade I: 0 Grade II: 39 Grade IIIa: 49 Grade IIIb: 32 Grade IV: NA Grade V: 0 Riss et al. Rectal cancer ISR, LAR and APR 16 : 16 (50%)* 11 : 5 11 : 5 67 ± 11.2 70 ± 8.4 NA NA Westerduin et al. Rectal cancer Open and laparoscopic TME with anastomosis within 3cm from the dentate line 52 : 118 (30.59%)* 34 : 18 79 : 39 63 ± 8.9 68 ± 9.9 NA NA 1Group A: no complications, group B: surgical complications, group C: non-surgical complications, group D: surgical and non-surgical complications; 2 Benign indications for resection were irresectable polyps or diverticulitis. **AL rates do not reflect incidence of AL due to the study design. AL, anastomotic leakage; APR, Abdominoperineal resection, CRC, colorectal cancer; ISR, Intersphincteric rectal resection; LAR, low anterior resection; NA, not applicable; TME, total mesorectal excision.
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